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Development history of rubber sheet
time2020/05/16
- Development history of rubber sheet
In 1493, the Spanish explorer Columbus led the team to the South American continent for the first time. Here, the Spaniard saw Indian children and youths playing a game, singing songs and throwing a small ball at each other. The small ball hit the ground. The Spaniard also saw that the Indians coated some white thick liquid on the Wear this kind of clothes on rainy days to prevent rain; also apply this white thick liquid to the feet, the rain will not wet the feet. Wait, the Spanish initially learned the elasticity and water resistance of rubber, but did not really understand the source of rubber.
In 1693, French scientist Lacan reached South America and saw the indigenous people playing this kind of ball. Scientists and soldiers have different thinking and visions. They investigated the small ball and found out that this small ball is a kind of alias. The thick liquid that alternates for "rubber" trees is lacking in manufacture.
In 1736, French scientist Kang Damin brought back detailed information about rubber trees from Peru, and published "The Travel Notes of the South American Inland". The book pointed out the origin of rubber trees, the method of collecting latex and the use of rubber, which caused people's outstanding .
In 1763, French Mecca invented a solvent that softened rubber.
In 1770, British chemist Priestler discovered that rubber could erase pencil writing.
In 1823, the British Mackintosh, like the Indians, applied white thick rubber liquid to the cloth to make a rainproof cloth, and sewed the "Mackintosh" waterproof cloak, which may also be the world The first raincoat.
In 1852, when the American chemist Gu Teyi accidentally put the rubber and sulfur jars on the fire, the rubber and sulfur flowed together after heating, forming a block rubber, which invented rubber vulcanization. law. This accidental act of Gu Teyi is a major invention in the rubber manufacturing industry. It removes a major obstacle in the application of rubber, making rubber a formal industrial raw material from then on, so that subsequent rubber-related Yi made the world's first pair of rubber waterproof shoes with vulcanized rubber.
In 1876, the British Weikhan died nine lives, collected 70,000 rubber seeds from the Amazonian tropical jungle, and cultivated them at the Royal Kew Botanical Garden in London, England, and then transported the rubber seedlings to Singapore, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Indochina for success. By 2004, the world had successfully cultivated natural rubber for 128 years.
In 1888, British Deng Lu invented auto tires and began producing cars in 1895. The rise of the automotive industry has also stimulated the huge demand for rubber, and the price of rubber has skyrocketed.
In 1897, the director of the Singapore Botanic Gardens Huang Dele invented the continuous taping method of rubber trees, which greatly increased the output of rubber. In this way, wild rubber trees have become an important cash crop cultivated in large areas.
In 1904, Dai An, the chieftain of the Dai nationality in Ganya (now Yingjiang County), Yunnan, China, purchased 8,000 rubber seedlings from Singapore and brought them back to China for planting in Phoenix Mountain, New Town, Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province, 24 ° N latitude.
From 1906 to 1907, Hainan Qionghai patriotic overseas Chinese He Shulin introduced 4,000 rubber seeds from Malaysia and planted them in Hui County (now Qionghai City) and Dan County.
In 1915, the Dutch Herton invented the rubber bud connection method in the peanut melon boa botanical garden, so that excellent rubber tree clones can be propagated in large numbers.
In 2003, the world's natural rubber production was 753.57 inches. The top five rubber producing countries in the world are Thailand, India, India, Malaysia, and China. The total output of the five countries is 629.25 tons, accounting for 83.5% of the global total rubber production.
In the late 1950s, Philips Corporation of the United States successfully developed solution polystyrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR) using lithium-initiated polymerization, and industrialized production in 1964. However, due to the poor processing performance of SSBR, its application has not been developed rapidly. In the late 1970s, the requirements for tires became higher and higher, and higher requirements were placed on the structure and performance of rubber. In addition to the advancement of polymerization technology, SSBR has achieved rapid development.
In the early 1980s, Duniop in the UK and Shell in the Netherlands jointly developed new low-roll offset SSBR products through polymer design technology. The Dutch Shell Company and the registered general tire company jointly developed a new SSBR product, the Japanese Synthetic Rubber Company and Bridgestone jointly developed the new tin connection SSBR and other second-generation SSBR products, which indicates that the production technology of SSBR has entered New stage.
The domestic SSBR was developed late. In 1982, the Research Institute of Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Company conducted a small-scale trial study on the copolymerization of styrene and butadiene in the n-butyllithium-tetrahydrofuran-cycloalkyl system. In 1984, a scale-up test was conducted in 1989. Developed a new type of energy-saving SSBR. The 1kt-level industrial device was successfully developed. In 1996, Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Company successfully developed a 10-kt-level SSBR production line. The Beijing Institute of Rubber Industry Research and Design conducted research on SSBR's basic physical properties, processing performance evaluation and tire tread formulation.
The automotive industry is driving the rubber industry, and resources are extremely scarce. The environment requires the use of recycled rubber. Aerospace science and technology put forward new and higher requirements for rubber.
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